Stop-loss and limited loss random variables are two important transforms of a loss random variable and appear in many modeling problems in insurance, finance, and other fields. Risk levels of a loss ...

This paper considers two-level integer programming problems involving random fuzzy variables with cooperative behavior of the decision makers. Considering the probabilities that the decision makers’ ...

The Virginia Lottery offers a game called the New Year's Millionaire Raffle for which the top prize is one million dollars. There are 375,000 tickets sold, of which 508 are winners. There are three ...