In part because they are closed-loop systems, it can be easy to ignore power plant cooling water systems that support the reliable functioning of everything from stator bars in the generator to ...

Self-regulating systems with feedback loops, i.e., the routing back of the output of a system to its input, have existed since antiquity and have since become an integral part of modern technology.

The increasing use of voice-activated devices has put a spotlight on audio tests – making a case for open and closed loop testing, says Eric Hodges of Audio Precision. Classically, audio tests have ...

Some operational amplifiers (op amps) have an inductive open-loop output impedance, which can be more complex to stabilize than op amps with resistive output impedances. One of the most common ...